We often need to monitor a system during load testing to determine how heavily the system is being taxed (i.e. determining the proper AWS instance type) and to determine what is being hit (memory, cpu, etc.). Often the target system has monitoring features (e.g. Prometheus or other); however, there are times when we do …

HAProxy All of the following in one .pem file: The Certificate for your domain The intermediates in ascending order to the Root CA A Root CA, if any (usually none) Private Key Nginx Two separate files: The Certificate for your domain, the intermediates, and root CA are in one file The private key